{"id":31833,"date":"2024-07-11T19:11:30","date_gmt":"2024-07-11T16:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/?p=31833"},"modified":"2025-03-12T20:59:28","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T17:59:28","slug":"la-concurrence-deloyale-en-roumanie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/fr\/juridique\/droit-des-affaires\/la-concurrence-deloyale-en-roumanie\/","title":{"rendered":"La concurrence d\u00e9loyale en Roumanie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la concurrence est entendue comme une confrontation entre des tendances adverses convergeant vers le m\u00eame objectif. En droit, la concurrence est la confrontation entre des agents \u00e9conomiques exer\u00e7ant des activit\u00e9s similaires ou semblables sur des march\u00e9s ouverts, cherchant \u00e0 attirer et conserver la client\u00e8le afin de rentabiliser leur entreprise. Ainsi, la concurrence peut \u00eatre d\u00e9finie comme l&rsquo;ensemble des r\u00e8gles r\u00e9gissant les relations sociales pour garantir le bon d\u00e9roulement des activit\u00e9s commerciales, notamment les relations entre commer\u00e7ants, visant \u00e0 gagner des clients sans recourir \u00e0 des pratiques d\u00e9passant la l\u00e9galit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comme nous pouvons le constater, la concurrence est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 de la vie \u00e9conomique et un facteur essentiel pour le bon fonctionnement des relations commerciales. Toutefois, pour constituer un v\u00e9ritable avantage \u00e9conomique, la concurrence doit \u00eatre loyale, respectant les usages honn\u00eates et le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de bonne foi.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Concurrence d\u00e9loyale \u2013 loi en Roumanie<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La loi n\u00b0 11\/1991 sur la lutte contre la concurrence d\u00e9loyale constitue le droit commun en la mati\u00e8re. Cette loi, adopt\u00e9e en 1991, a subi plusieurs modifications au fil des ans, la derni\u00e8re mise \u00e0 jour datant de 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En Roumanie, selon les dispositions de cette loi, constitue une concurrence d\u00e9loyale et sont ainsi interdites les pratiques commerciales des entreprises et\/ou de leurs employ\u00e9s qui contreviennent aux usages honn\u00eates et au principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de bonne foi et qui causent ou sont susceptibles de causer un pr\u00e9judice \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres entreprises :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">la d\u00e9nigration d&rsquo;une entreprise concurrente ou de ses produits\/services, susceptible de porter atteinte \u00e0 ses int\u00e9r\u00eats l\u00e9gitimes, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par la diffusion d&rsquo;informations fausses par une autre entreprise ou par un ancien ou actuel employ\u00e9 ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">le d\u00e9tournement de client\u00e8le d&rsquo;une entreprise concurrente par un ancien ou actuel employ\u00e9 utilisant des informations confidentielles ou des secrets commerciaux dont il avait connaissance, et dont la divulgation pourrait nuire significativement aux int\u00e9r\u00eats de cette entreprise ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">la discr\u00e9ditation des activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;une entreprise concurrente ou de ses produits et services, par une autre entreprise ou un ancien ou actuel employ\u00e9, en recourant \u00e0 des actions visant \u00e0 ternir sa r\u00e9putation ou sa cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">toute autre pratique commerciale contraire aux usages honn\u00eates et au principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de bonne foi qui cause ou peut causer un pr\u00e9judice aux concurrents ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l&rsquo;exploitation d&rsquo;une position sup\u00e9rieure de n\u00e9gociation d&rsquo;une entreprise \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard d&rsquo;une autre entreprise avec laquelle elle entretient une relation commerciale, pouvant causer un pr\u00e9judice significatif et affecter la concurrence sur le march\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comme nous pouvons le constater, la notion de concurrence d\u00e9loyale a un champ d&rsquo;application large, englobant toute pratique violant le principe de bonne foi entre concurrents sur le march\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une autre loi adopt\u00e9e en mati\u00e8re de concurrence est la loi n\u00b0 21\/1996, qui interdit les pratiques anticoncurrentielles telles que les accords entre entreprises, les d\u00e9cisions d&rsquo;associations d&rsquo;entreprises et les pratiques concert\u00e9es ayant pour objet ou pour effet d&rsquo;entraver, de restreindre ou de fausser la concurrence sur le march\u00e9 roumain ou sur une partie de celui-ci.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Plainte pour concurrence d\u00e9loyale en Roumanie<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La protection des entreprises contre les pratiques de concurrence d\u00e9loyale est assur\u00e9e par le Conseil de la Concurrence, en tant qu&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 administrative autonome dans le domaine de la concurrence. Selon l&rsquo;article 31, alin\u00e9a (1) de la loi n\u00b0 11\/1991, le Conseil de la Concurrence constate et sanctionne les pratiques de concurrence d\u00e9loyale, soit d&rsquo;office, soit sur plainte, lorsqu&rsquo;il existe un int\u00e9r\u00eat public r\u00e9sultant d&rsquo;une atteinte au bon fonctionnement du march\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le r\u00e8glement de 2023 sur la proc\u00e9dure de constatation et de sanction des pratiques de concurrence d\u00e9loyale, adopt\u00e9 par le Conseil de la Concurrence, \u00e9tablit les \u00e9tapes et modalit\u00e9s de constatation et de sanction de ces pratiques, qu&rsquo;elles soient commises par des personnes physiques ou morales, roumaines ou \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seules les personnes physiques ou morales justifiant d&rsquo;un int\u00e9r\u00eat l\u00e9gitime peuvent saisir le Conseil de la Concurrence pour violation des dispositions de l&rsquo;article 2, alin\u00e9as (1)-(3) de la loi n\u00b0 11\/1991. La plainte doit contenir :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les informations d&rsquo;identification du plaignant (nom, adresse, num\u00e9ro d&rsquo;identification fiscale) ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les informations justifiant l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat l\u00e9gitime du plaignant ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les informations concernant la personne physique ou morale vis\u00e9e par la plainte ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les d\u00e9tails sur la pratique all\u00e9gu\u00e9e, son mode de r\u00e9alisation, son objectif, les circonstances et les dommages caus\u00e9s ou susceptibles d&rsquo;\u00eatre caus\u00e9s ;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les d\u00e9cisions du Conseil de la Concurrence peuvent \u00eatre contest\u00e9es devant la Cour d&rsquo;Appel de Bucarest &#8211; Section du contentieux administratif, dans un d\u00e9lai de 30 jours \u00e0 compter de leur communication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 l&rsquo;issue d&rsquo;une enqu\u00eate approfondie, le Conseil de la Concurrence peut constater l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une pratique de concurrence d\u00e9loyale, ordonner sa cessation et appliquer des amendes conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi n\u00b0 11\/1991.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la concurrence est entendue comme une confrontation entre des tendances adverses convergeant vers le m\u00eame objectif. En droit, la concurrence est la confrontation entre des agents \u00e9conomiques exer\u00e7ant des activit\u00e9s similaires ou semblables sur des march\u00e9s ouverts, cherchant \u00e0 attirer et conserver la client\u00e8le afin de rentabiliser leur entreprise. Ainsi, la concurrence peut [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31834,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[289],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[119],"class_list":["post-31833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-droit-des-affaires"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La concurrence d\u00e9loyale en Roumanie - Legal Badger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La concurrence d\u00e9loyale en Roumanie\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/?p=32003\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La concurrence d\u00e9loyale en Roumanie - 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