{"id":31994,"date":"2024-07-23T14:24:09","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T11:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/?p=31994"},"modified":"2025-03-13T16:45:59","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T13:45:59","slug":"kikuldetes-romaniaban-mit-jelent-ez","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/uzleti-jog\/kikuldetes-romaniaban-mit-jelent-ez\/","title":{"rendered":"Kik\u00fcldet\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban &#8211; mit jelent ez?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Mit jelent az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s egy jogi mechanizmus, amelynek r\u00e9v\u00e9n egy szerz\u0151d\u00e9s egyik fele (az engedm\u00e9nyez\u0151) \u00e1truh\u00e1zza jogait \u00e9s k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9geit egy harmadik f\u00e9lre (az engedm\u00e9nyes), a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s m\u00e1sik fele (az \u00e1tengedett szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l) beleegyez\u00e9s\u00e9vel. Ez a folyamat l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi egy szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l cser\u00e9j\u00e9t egy \u00faj f\u00e9llel an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy teljesen \u00faj szerz\u0151d\u00e9st kellene k\u00f6tni.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s fogalm\u00e1nak szeml\u00e9ltet\u00e9s\u00e9re tekints\u00fcnk az al\u00e1bbi p\u00e9ld\u00e1kra:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">i) Mihai (tulajdonos) b\u00e9rbe ad egy lak\u00e1st An\u00e1nak (b\u00e9rl\u0151) k\u00e9t \u00e9vre. Hat h\u00f3nap ut\u00e1n Ana \u00e1ll\u00e1saj\u00e1nlatot kap egy m\u00e1sik v\u00e1rosban, \u00e9s tal\u00e1l egy \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u0151t, Cristiant, aki \u00e1tvenn\u00e9 a b\u00e9rleti szerz\u0151d\u00e9st a fennmarad\u00f3 id\u0151re. Ahelyett, hogy Ana felmondan\u00e1 a szerz\u0151d\u00e9st \u00e9s Mihai \u00faj szerz\u0151d\u00e9st k\u00f6tne Cristian-nal, Ana d\u00f6nthet \u00fagy, hogy engedm\u00e9nyezi a szerz\u0151d\u00e9st Cristian r\u00e9sz\u00e9re Mihai beleegyez\u00e9s\u00e9vel. Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s r\u00e9v\u00e9n Cristian \u00e1tveszi Ana \u00f6sszes jog\u00e1t \u00e9s k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g\u00e9t Mihai fel\u00e9 a b\u00e9rleti id\u0151 v\u00e9g\u00e9ig.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ii) Maria (elad\u00f3 \u00edg\u00e9rettev\u0151) egy k\u00e9toldal\u00fa ad\u00e1sv\u00e9teli el\u0151zetes szerz\u0151d\u00e9st (<a href=\"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/legal\/drept-civil\/antecontract-vanzare-cumparare\/\">ad\u00e1sv\u00e9teli el\u0151szerz\u0151d\u00e9s<\/a>) k\u00f6t Ion-nal (vev\u0151 \u00edg\u00e9rettev\u0151) egy lak\u00e1sra. Az el\u0151szerz\u0151d\u00e9s szerint Maria k\u00f6teles eladni, Ion pedig k\u00f6teles megv\u00e1s\u00e1rolni a lak\u00e1st 6 h\u00f3napon bel\u00fcl 100.000 eur\u00f3\u00e9rt, amelyb\u0151l Ion el\u0151leget fizet 20.000 eur\u00f3 \u00f6sszegben.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00e1rom h\u00f3nap ut\u00e1n Ion anyagi okok miatt m\u00e1r nem tudja teljes\u00edteni a v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1st. Ugyanakkor Andrei \u00e9rdekl\u0151dik a lak\u00e1s ir\u00e1nt ugyanolyan felt\u00e9telekkel. A szerz\u0151d\u00e9s felbont\u00e1sa \u00e9s egy \u00faj szerz\u0151d\u00e9s megk\u00f6t\u00e9se helyett a felek d\u00f6nthetnek Ion jogainak \u00e9s k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9geinek Andrei-re t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A rom\u00e1n Polg\u00e1ri T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv sz\u00e1mos fontos szab\u00e1lyt \u00e9s felt\u00e9telt hat\u00e1roz meg az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9ssel kapcsolatban:<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s id\u0151pontja &#8211; az 1.315. cikk (1) bekezd\u00e9se szerint az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s csak akkor lehets\u00e9ges, ha a szerz\u0151d\u00e9sben foglalt teljes\u00edt\u00e9sek m\u00e9g nem val\u00f3sultak meg teljes eg\u00e9sz\u00e9ben. Az els\u0151 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ban az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3, mivel a b\u00e9rleti szerz\u0151d\u00e9sb\u0151l m\u00e9g jelent\u0151s id\u0151 h\u00e1travan. A m\u00e1sodik p\u00e9ld\u00e1ban az el\u0151szerz\u0151d\u00e9s engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9se is lehets\u00e9ges, mivel az eredeti felek m\u00e9g nem k\u00f6t\u00f6tt\u00e9k meg a v\u00e9gleges ad\u00e1sv\u00e9teli szerz\u0151d\u00e9st.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A felek beleegyez\u00e9se &#8211; ugyanezen cikk el\u0151\u00edrja, hogy az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9shez a m\u00e1sik szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l beleegyez\u00e9se sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges. Az els\u0151 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ban Mihai-nak (az \u00e1tengedett szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l) j\u00f3v\u00e1 kell hagynia Ana (engedm\u00e9nyez\u0151) helyettes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t Cristian-nal (engedm\u00e9nyes).<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s form\u00e1ja &#8211; az 1.316. cikk szerint az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9si szerz\u0151d\u00e9snek \u00e9s az \u00e1tengedett szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l beleegyez\u00e9s\u00e9nek meg kell felelnie az eredeti szerz\u0151d\u00e9s \u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges jogi form\u00e1nak. Ha az eredeti szerz\u0151d\u00e9s \u00edr\u00e1sban j\u00f6tt l\u00e9tre (mag\u00e1nokiratk\u00e9nt), akkor az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9st is \u00edr\u00e1sban kell r\u00f6gz\u00edteni.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s hat\u00e1sai &#8211; az 1.317. cikk \u00e9rtelm\u00e9ben, ha Mihai vagy Maria el\u0151zetesen beleegyezett az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9be (az eredeti szerz\u0151d\u00e9sben), az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s a csere bejelent\u00e9s\u00e9nek id\u0151pontj\u00e1ban vagy annak elfogad\u00e1sakor l\u00e9p hat\u00e1lyba.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u0151 felszabad\u00edt\u00e1sa &#8211; az 1.318. cikk szerint Ana (engedm\u00e9nyez\u0151) mentes\u00fcl Mihai fel\u00e9 fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9gei al\u00f3l az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s hat\u00e1lyba l\u00e9p\u00e9sekor. Ugyanakkor Mihai fenntarthatja a jogot, hogy Ana ellen k\u00f6vetel\u00e9st ny\u00fajtson be, ha Cristian nem teljes\u00edti a k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9geit.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kiv\u00e9telek \u00e9s v\u00e9dekez\u00e9si jogok &#8211; az 1.319. cikk szerint Mihai ugyanazokat a kifog\u00e1sokat emelheti Cristian-nal szemben, amelyeket az eredeti szerz\u0151d\u00e9s alapj\u00e1n Ana-val szemben tehetett volna. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul, ha Ana a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9se el\u0151tt megrong\u00e1lta a lak\u00e1st, Mihai ezt a probl\u00e9m\u00e1t Cristian-nal szemben is felhozhatja.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garanci\u00e1k &#8211; az 1.320. cikk el\u0151\u00edrja, hogy Ana garant\u00e1lja a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s \u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9t. Ha Ana az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9si szerz\u0151d\u00e9sben v\u00e1llalja a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s teljes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9nek garanci\u00e1j\u00e1t is, akkor \u00fagy tekintend\u0151, mintha kezesk\u00e9nt felelne Cristian k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9gei\u00e9rt.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fontos megjegyezni, hogy az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s nem mindig lehets\u00e9ges vagy megengedett. El\u0151fordulhat, hogy a jogszab\u00e1lyok tiltj\u00e1k az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9st, vagy azt k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges felt\u00e9telekhez k\u00f6tik. Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl egyes szerz\u0151d\u00e9sek tartalmazhatnak olyan z\u00e1rad\u00e9kokat, amelyek tiltj\u00e1k vagy korl\u00e1tozz\u00e1k az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6sszegz\u00e9sk\u00e9ppen, az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s egy olyan jogi eszk\u00f6z, amely rugalmass\u00e1got biztos\u00edt a szerz\u0151d\u00e9ses kapcsolatokban, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a felek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy jogokat \u00e9s k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9geket ruh\u00e1zzanak \u00e1t an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy teljesen \u00faj szerz\u0151d\u00e9st kellene k\u00f6tni\u00fck. Ugyanakkor minden \u00e9rintett f\u00e9lnek teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben meg kell \u00e9rtenie az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeit, \u00e9s szigor\u00faan be kell tartania a jogi el\u0151\u00edr\u00e1sokat annak biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, hogy az elj\u00e1r\u00e1s \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes legyen \u00e9s a k\u00edv\u00e1nt hat\u00e1sokat eredm\u00e9nyezze. \u00d6sszetettebb esetekben vagy k\u00e9ts\u00e9g eset\u00e9n aj\u00e1nlott egy jogi szak\u00e9rt\u0151 tan\u00e1cs\u00e1t kik\u00e9rni az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9si folyamat sikeres lebonyol\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mit jelent az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban? Az engedm\u00e9nyez\u00e9s egy jogi mechanizmus, amelynek r\u00e9v\u00e9n egy szerz\u0151d\u00e9s egyik fele (az engedm\u00e9nyez\u0151) \u00e1truh\u00e1zza jogait \u00e9s k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9geit egy harmadik f\u00e9lre (az engedm\u00e9nyes), a szerz\u0151d\u00e9s m\u00e1sik fele (az \u00e1tengedett szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l) beleegyez\u00e9s\u00e9vel. Ez a folyamat l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi egy szerz\u0151d\u0151 f\u00e9l cser\u00e9j\u00e9t egy \u00faj f\u00e9llel an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy teljesen \u00faj szerz\u0151d\u00e9st kellene [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[387],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[119],"class_list":["post-31994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-uzleti-jog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kik\u00fcldet\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - mit jelent ez? - Legal Badger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kik\u00fcldet\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - mit jelent ez?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/uzleti-jog\/kikuldetes-romaniaban-mit-jelent-ez\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kik\u00fcldet\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - mit jelent ez? 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