{"id":32057,"date":"2024-05-15T11:38:47","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T08:38:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/?p=32057"},"modified":"2025-03-13T17:26:41","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T14:26:41","slug":"allamkotvenyek-romaniaban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/uzleti-jog\/allamkotvenyek-romaniaban\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban \u2013 mit jelentenek?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gban elmondhat\u00f3, hogy <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek olyan p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k, amelyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3juk k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nt vesz fel a befektet\u0151kt\u0151l a kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1si t\u00e1j\u00e9koztat\u00f3ban meghat\u00e1rozott felt\u00e9telek szerint.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00cdgy az <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek azok a p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k, amelyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n az \u00e1llam k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s hossz\u00fa t\u00e1von p\u00e9nzt k\u00f6lcs\u00f6n\u00f6zhet a lakoss\u00e1gt\u00f3l, a tart\u00e1si id\u0151tartam 1 \u00e9s 30 \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyeket havonta a P\u00e9nz\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium bocs\u00e1tja ki. Ennek c\u00e9lja a k\u00f6lts\u00e9gvet\u00e9si hi\u00e1ny cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9se \u00e9s az \u00e1llamad\u00f3ss\u00e1g minimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1val.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ezeket a p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket a Rom\u00e1n Nemzeti Bank (BNR) k\u00f6zrem\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel bocs\u00e1tj\u00e1k ki, amely a f\u0151 \u00fcgyn\u00f6k az \u00e1llampap\u00edrokkal v\u00e9gzett m\u0171veletek piac\u00e1n. Az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyeket kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag enged\u00e9lyezett sz\u00e1ml\u00e1n lehet tartani, dematerializ\u00e1lt form\u00e1ban, lejben vagy k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi valut\u00e1ban, \u00e9s minden sz\u00e1mla egyedi k\u00f3ddal rendelkezik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ha a befektet\u0151 jogi szem\u00e9ly, akkor csak egy LEI k\u00f3d (a jogi szem\u00e9lyek egyedi azonos\u00edt\u00f3ja) megszerz\u00e9se ut\u00e1n hajthat v\u00e9gre tranzakci\u00f3kat. Ez egy 20 karakterb\u0151l \u00e1ll\u00f3 egyedi azonos\u00edt\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi kock\u00e1zata rendk\u00edv\u00fcl alacsony, likvidit\u00e1suk pedig magas, \u00edgy k\u00f6nnyen eladhat\u00f3k. Ez\u00e1ltal <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyekbe t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 befektet\u00e9s kock\u00e1zatai minim\u00e1lisak, szinte null\u00e1ra cs\u00f6kkenthet\u0151k.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek kamata Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A kamat az az \u00f6sszeg, amelyet egy szem\u00e9ly vagy int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny kap egy k\u00f6lcs\u00f6n ny\u00fajt\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt. \u00cdgy az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek eset\u00e9ben az \u00e1llam kamatot fizet a befektet\u0151 \u00e1ltal birtokolt k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek ut\u00e1n. Az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek el\u0151re meghat\u00e1rozott kamattal rendelkeznek, amelyet m\u00e1r a kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s kezdet\u00e9n r\u00f6gz\u00edtenek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A kamatot \u201ekuponnak\u201d is nevezik, \u00e9s az az \u00f6sszeg, amelyet a P\u00e9nz\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium fizet a befektet\u0151nek. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A kamat \u00e9ves, \u00e9s a kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1si t\u00e1j\u00e9koztat\u00f3ban meghat\u00e1rozott id\u0151pontokban ker\u00fcl kifizet\u00e9sre.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A legut\u00f3bbi, 2024. janu\u00e1ri Tezaur kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s 6,1%-os kamatot k\u00edn\u00e1l 1 \u00e9ves lej\u00e1ratra, \u00e9s 7,1%-ot 3 \u00e9ves futamid\u0151re.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fontos megjegyezni, hogy a P\u00e9nz\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium \u00e1ltal a mag\u00e1nszem\u00e9lyek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra kibocs\u00e1tott \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek kamata ad\u00f3mentes, a 227\/2015-\u00f6s ad\u00f3t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv \u00e9rtelm\u00e9ben, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ellent\u00e9tben a bankbet\u00e9tek kamataival, amelyekre 10%-os ad\u00f3t vetnek ki.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9ny vagy \u00e1llampap\u00edr\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban<\/strong><strong>?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3 int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyt\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151en a k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek t\u00f6bb t\u00edpusra oszthat\u00f3k: \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek (\u00e1llampap\u00edrok), \u00f6nkorm\u00e1nyzati k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek \u00e9s v\u00e1llalati k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek\/\u00e1llampap\u00edrok tov\u00e1bb oszlanak \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyekre (amelyek lej\u00e1rata meghaladja a 12 h\u00f3napot) \u00e9s diszkontkincst\u00e1rjegyekre (amelyek lej\u00e1rata 12 h\u00f3napn\u00e1l r\u00f6videbb).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mivel az \u00e1llam nem mehet cs\u0151dbe, az \u00e1llampap\u00edrok nagyon alacsony kock\u00e1zattal rendelkeznek, \u00edgy biztons\u00e1gos befektet\u00e9st jelentenek az \u00f6nkorm\u00e1nyzatok \u00e9s v\u00e1llalatok \u00e1ltal kibocs\u00e1tott k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyekkel \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edtva, amelyek magasabb kock\u00e1zattal j\u00e1rnak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6sszegz\u00e9sk\u00e9ppen, az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek, m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven \u00e1llampap\u00edrok, olyan befektet\u00e9si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k, amelyeket a P\u00e9nz\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium bocs\u00e1t ki azzal a c\u00e9llal, hogy p\u00e9nzt k\u00f6lcs\u00f6n\u00f6zz\u00f6n a k\u00f6lts\u00e9gvet\u00e9si hi\u00e1ny finansz\u00edroz\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s Rom\u00e1nia \u00e1llamad\u00f3ss\u00e1g\u00e1nak cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban \u2013 mit jelentenek? \u00c1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gban elmondhat\u00f3, hogy a k\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek olyan p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k, amelyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3juk k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nt vesz fel a befektet\u0151kt\u0151l a kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1si t\u00e1j\u00e9koztat\u00f3ban meghat\u00e1rozott felt\u00e9telek szerint. \u00cdgy az \u00e1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek azok a p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k, amelyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n az \u00e1llam k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s hossz\u00fa t\u00e1von p\u00e9nzt k\u00f6lcs\u00f6n\u00f6zhet a lakoss\u00e1gt\u00f3l, a tart\u00e1si id\u0151tartam 1 \u00e9s 30 \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozik. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32058,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[391,387],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[119],"class_list":["post-32057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-adojog","category-uzleti-jog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - Legal Badger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/uzleti-jog\/allamkotvenyek-romaniaban\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c1llamk\u00f6tv\u00e9nyek Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - 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