{"id":32367,"date":"2024-11-29T19:35:10","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T16:35:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/?p=32367"},"modified":"2025-03-17T16:57:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T13:57:57","slug":"hamisitas-romaniaban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/buntetojog\/hamisitas-romaniaban\/","title":{"rendered":"Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s hamis iratok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u2013 Rom\u00e1nia B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyve<\/strong><\/h2>\n

A hamis\u00edt\u00e1s b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyei Rom\u00e1nia B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv\u00e9ben a k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6s r\u00e9sz VI. c\u00edm\u00e9ben szerepelnek, azonos elnevez\u00e9ssel. Ebb\u0151l k\u00f6vetkezik, hogy a jogi v\u00e9delem t\u00e1rgya \u00e9ppen a k\u00f6zbizalom, amelyet az okiratoknak, p\u00e9nzeknek \u00e9s m\u00e1s fizet\u00e9si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6knek tulajdon\u00edtanak. E b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyek szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak c\u00e9lja az egyes t\u00e1rgyak meghamis\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak vagy hamis el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa, oly m\u00f3don, hogy az ne befoly\u00e1solja azok \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos hiteless\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

A hamis\u00edt\u00e1s t\u00e1rgy\u00e1t\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en a B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv 310-328. cikkelyei k\u00fcl\u00f6n szab\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k a b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyeket. \u00cdgy a hamis\u00edt\u00e1s p\u00e9nz\u00e9rm\u00e9ken, hitelc\u00edmleteken, fizet\u00e9si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k\u00f6n, b\u00e9lyegeken vagy postai utalv\u00e1nyokon, hivatalos dokumentumokon \u00e9s okiratokon is elk\u00f6vethet\u0151. Bizonyos esetekben a jogalkot\u00f3 nemcsak a meghamis\u00edt\u00e1s vagy hamis el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s cselekm\u00e9ny\u00e9t b\u00fcnteti, hanem az ilyen t\u00e1rgyak forgalomba hozatal\u00e1t is. Egyes b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyekn\u00e9l a jogs\u00e9rt\u00e9s tipikuss\u00e1g\u00e1t az hat\u00e1rozza meg, hogy a hamis t\u00e1rgyakat forgalomba hozt\u00e1k, illetve m\u00e1sok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra kapt\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

A leggyakrabban el\u0151fordul\u00f3 jogi helyzetek, amelyek b\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1gi \u00fcgyek t\u00e1rgy\u00e1t k\u00e9pezik, az eredeti vagy mag\u00e1nokiratok hamis\u00edt\u00e1sa. E b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyek elk\u00f6vet\u00e9si m\u00f3dja v\u00e1ltozhat az elk\u00f6vet\u0151 \u00e1ltal az okiraton v\u00e9grehajtott cselekm\u00e9nyek f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny\u00e9ben. \u00cdgy a hamis\u00edt\u00e1s lehet anyagi vagy szellemi jelleg\u0171.<\/p>\n

Az anyagi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s eset\u00e9n az \u00edr\u00e1s vagy al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s meghamis\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l, illetve egy hivatalos dokumentum meghamis\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l vagy hamis el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l van sz\u00f3. A szellemi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s, az anyagi hamis\u00edt\u00e1st\u00f3l elt\u00e9r\u0151en, azt k\u00f6veteli meg, hogy az elk\u00f6vet\u0151 k\u00f6ztisztvisel\u0151 legyen, \u00e9s hivatali tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9ge sor\u00e1n olyan t\u00e9nyeket vagy k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyeket igazoljon, amelyek nem felelnek meg a val\u00f3s\u00e1gnak, vagy tudatosan kihagyja azokat.<\/p>\n

A k\u00f6ztisztvisel\u0151i st\u00e1tusszal kapcsolatban a rom\u00e1n B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv a 175. cikkelyben hat\u00e1rozza meg a k\u00f6ztisztvisel\u0151 fogalm\u00e1t, \u00e9s ezt a min\u0151s\u00e9get azoknak a szem\u00e9lyeknek is megadja, akik k\u00f6zjogi m\u00e9lt\u00f3s\u00e1got t\u00f6ltenek be, vagy akik az \u00e1llami hatalom gyakorl\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatos feladatokat l\u00e1tnak el. Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl a t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny nem hagyja figyelmen k\u00edv\u00fcl azokat a szem\u00e9lyeket sem, akik k\u00f6ztisztvisel\u0151k\u00e9nt kezelhet\u0151k. Ilyenek p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul azok, akik k\u00f6z\u00e9rdek\u0171 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st l\u00e1tnak el, amelyre \u00e1llami hat\u00f3s\u00e1gok ruh\u00e1zt\u00e1k fel \u0151ket, vagy akik az adott szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s ell\u00e1t\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n ezen hat\u00f3s\u00e1gok ellen\u0151rz\u00e9se vagy fel\u00fcgyelete alatt \u00e1llnak (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul k\u00f6zjegyz\u0151k, \u00e1llami k\u00f3rh\u00e1zak stb.).<\/p>\n

\u00cdgy a k\u00f6ztisztvisel\u0151i vagy ahhoz hasonl\u00f3 st\u00e1tusznak a b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny tipikuss\u00e1ga szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l csak a szellemi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s eset\u00e9n van jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge. Ugyanakkor ez a min\u0151s\u00e9g a B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv 320. cikkely\u00e9nek (2) bekezd\u00e9s\u00e9ben is megjelenik a hivatalos iratok anyagi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatban, ahol az elk\u00f6vet\u0151 k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges st\u00e1tusza s\u00falyosb\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151k\u00e9nt szerepel, \u00e9s szigor\u00fabb b\u00fcntet\u00e9st von maga ut\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s hamis iratok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u2013 el\u00e9v\u00fcl\u00e9s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban<\/strong><\/h2>\n

A b\u00fcntet\u0151jogi felel\u0151ss\u00e9g el\u00e9v\u00fcl\u00e9se olyan anyagi b\u00fcntet\u0151jogi int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny, amely befoly\u00e1solja az elk\u00f6vet\u0151k felel\u0151ss\u00e9gre vonhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t. Ez az \u00e1llami szervek t\u00e9tlens\u00e9g\u00e9nek szankcion\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra szolg\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

A t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny \u00e1ltal meghat\u00e1rozott k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges hat\u00e1rok szerint a b\u00fcntet\u0151jogi felel\u0151ss\u00e9g el\u00e9v\u00fcl az 154. cikkely (1) bekezd\u00e9se szerint, amely az al\u00e1bbi hat\u00e1rid\u0151ket \u00e1llap\u00edtja meg:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • 15 \u00e9v<\/strong>, ha az elk\u00f6vetett b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyre az \u00e9letfogytiglani szabads\u00e1gveszt\u00e9s vagy 20 \u00e9vn\u00e9l hosszabb b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9s van el\u0151\u00edrva;<\/li>\n
  • 10 \u00e9v<\/strong>, ha az elk\u00f6vetett b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny\u00e9rt 10 \u00e9vn\u00e9l hosszabb, de 20 \u00e9vn\u00e9l r\u00f6videbb b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9s j\u00e1r;<\/li>\n
  • 8 \u00e9v<\/strong>, ha az elk\u00f6vetett b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny\u00e9rt 5 \u00e9vn\u00e9l hosszabb, de 10 \u00e9vn\u00e9l r\u00f6videbb b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9s j\u00e1r;<\/li>\n
  • 5 \u00e9v<\/strong>, ha az elk\u00f6vetett b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny\u00e9rt t\u00f6bb mint egy \u00e9v, de legfeljebb 5 \u00e9v b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9s j\u00e1r;<\/li>\n
  • 3 \u00e9v<\/strong>, ha az elk\u00f6vetett b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny\u00e9rt egy \u00e9vn\u00e9l r\u00f6videbb b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9s vagy p\u00e9nzb\u00edrs\u00e1g j\u00e1r;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s hamis iratok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa\u00a0<\/strong>Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 b\u00fcntet\u00e9sek<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    A B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv a hamis\u00edt\u00e1s b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyeit szabads\u00e1gveszt\u00e9ssel b\u00fcnteti, amely bizonyos esetekben p\u00e9nzb\u00edrs\u00e1ggal is helyettes\u00edthet\u0151 a b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9ny s\u00falyoss\u00e1g\u00e1t\u00f3l \u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeit\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151en.<\/p>\n

    \u00cdgy a szellemi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s eset\u00e9n a t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny \u00e1ltal el\u0151\u00edrt b\u00fcntet\u00e9s egy \u00e9s \u00f6t \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00f6tti, m\u00edg az anyagi hamis\u00edt\u00e1s alapesetben hat h\u00f3napt\u00f3l h\u00e1rom \u00e9vig terjedhet. Ha az elk\u00f6vet\u0151 k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges st\u00e1tusz\u00fa szem\u00e9ly, akkor s\u00falyosb\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151 \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00fcl, \u00e9s a b\u00fcntet\u00e9s egy \u00e9s \u00f6t \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00e9 emelkedik. P\u00e9nzhamis\u00edt\u00e1s eset\u00e9n a maxim\u00e1lis b\u00fcntet\u00e9s t\u00edz \u00e9v b\u00f6rt\u00f6n, mivel a hamis\u00edtott p\u00e9nz forgalomba hozatala nehezen visszaford\u00edthat\u00f3 k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyekkel j\u00e1rhat.<\/p>\n

    A mag\u00e1nokiratok hamis\u00edt\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n a t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny hat h\u00f3napt\u00f3l k\u00e9t \u00e9vig terjed\u0151 szabads\u00e1gveszt\u00e9st vagy p\u00e9nzb\u00edrs\u00e1got \u00edr el\u0151, m\u00edg a hamis iratok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa h\u00e1rom h\u00f3napt\u00f3l k\u00e9t \u00e9vig terjed\u0151 szabads\u00e1gveszt\u00e9ssel vagy p\u00e9nzb\u00edrs\u00e1ggal b\u00fcntetend\u0151.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s hamis iratok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u2013 Rom\u00e1nia B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyve A hamis\u00edt\u00e1s b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyei Rom\u00e1nia B\u00fcntet\u0151 T\u00f6rv\u00e9nyk\u00f6nyv\u00e9ben a k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6s r\u00e9sz VI. c\u00edm\u00e9ben szerepelnek, azonos elnevez\u00e9ssel. Ebb\u0151l k\u00f6vetkezik, hogy a jogi v\u00e9delem t\u00e1rgya \u00e9ppen a k\u00f6zbizalom, amelyet az okiratoknak, p\u00e9nzeknek \u00e9s m\u00e1s fizet\u00e9si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6knek tulajdon\u00edtanak. E b\u0171ncselekm\u00e9nyek szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak c\u00e9lja az egyes t\u00e1rgyak meghamis\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak vagy hamis el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa, oly […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32368,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[388],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[119],"class_list":["post-32367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-buntetojog"],"yoast_head":"\nHamis\u00edt\u00e1s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - Legal Badger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/legalbadger.org\/hu\/jogi\/buntetojog\/hamisitas-romaniaban\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hamis\u00edt\u00e1s Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban - 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